Individuals younger than age 18 who have violated federal or provincial laws or municipal or local ordinances; who, without just cause, have run away from home; who are beyond the control of parents, guardians or other custodians; who have engaged in indecent or immoral conduct; who have been habitually truant or, while in school, continually and overtly defiant of school rules and regulations; or who have violated any lawful order of the court.

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Individuals who have committed offences that constitute violations of provincial/territorial motor vehicle codes. Traffic offences include parking violations, faulty equipment citations, driving without a valid licence or insurance, seat belt violations, distracted driving (e.g., cell phone use/texting while driving), speeding, running a red light or stop sign, leaving the scene of an accident, failure to secure young passengers in a child safety seat, failure to stop for pedestrians, tailgating and reckless driving. People accused of the more-serious traffic violations are entitled to all protections provided to criminal defendants, including the right to a court-appointed lawyer and a jury trial.

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